Which scenario describes an impact bloodstain?

An impact bloodstain pattern is created when a force is applied to blood, causing it to disperse. This is characteristic of scenarios involving intense energy transfer, such as from a gunshot wound, where the impact not only propels blood outward but also creates distinct patterns due to the force of the discharge. This force causes blood droplets to scatter and may vary in size and shape, often reflecting the violent nature of the event.

In contrast, other options do not demonstrate the characteristics of an impact bloodstain. For example, footprints left on a floor illustrate transfer patterns rather than impact patterns, while a droplet of blood falling straight down represents gravitational action, not an impact. A smear from a body being dragged shows movement and contact with a surface but does not result from high energy impacting a blood sample as seen in impact patterns.