Which type of reasoning is characterized by proposing a likely explanation that must be tested?

The correct answer, abductive reasoning, is characterized by forming a plausible explanation based on available evidence, which then requires further testing or investigation. This method involves generating hypotheses that can account for the observed data, typically in situations where information is incomplete or uncertain.

In the context of detective work, engaging in abductive reasoning allows a detective to consider various explanations for a crime based on the clues and evidence at hand. For instance, if a detective finds a footprint at a crime scene, they may hypothesize about the possible identity of the suspect based on the shoe size, type, or any unique features, requiring further investigation to confirm if that hypothesis holds true.

Deductive reasoning, on the other hand, involves starting with a general principle or theory and applying it to specific cases to reach a conclusion. This is more conclusive rather than exploratory and doesn't necessitate further testing in the same manner.

Inductive reasoning typically involves deriving general conclusions from specific observations, leading to broader generalizations. While this form of reasoning is useful in forming hypotheses, it does not focus specifically on proposing a likely explanation that requires testing.

Anchoring refers to the cognitive bias where individuals rely heavily on the first piece of information they encounter when making decisions. This concept does not relate